Hephaestus, the Master Craftsman free essay sample

Hephaestus, the Greek divine force of fire, is generally loved for his lord craftsmanship. In masterpieces he is typically delineated as a moderately aged smith working in his produce, frequently making a thunderclap for Zeus. Conceived of Hera alone, he was given down a role as an infant from Olympus by his mom for his imperfect grotesqueness and fell for an entire day before he hit the ground. Nine years after he was tossed from the sky, he came back to Olympus and got one of the twelve Olympian Gods. With Zeus’s favor, he had the option to wed Aphrodite, the goddess of affection, who tragically stayed away forever the adoration he provided for her. Hephaestus was adored by the humans for his generosity and he had a significant job in Athens close by Athena. About each weapon, bit of covering, or working of any significance was made by Hephaestus. Hephaestus, dismissed by his mom for his offensiveness, helped incalculable humans and divine beings, wedded Aphrodite, and rose to Olympus to turn into the ace expert regarded by all. We will compose a custom article test on Hephaestus, the Master Craftsman or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Hephaestus is the divine force of fire yet just in its positive and helpful perspective. This likewise incorporates everything that is practiced by fire. Thusly, any fire that pulverizes or harms isn't credited to him (Berens 73). He, being a smith, is the defender of smiths, the two goldsmiths and metalworkers and gem dealers. Additionally as an ace manufacturer he is the divine force of developers, bricklayers, and craftsmen (Graves 15). He is additionally viewed as the lord of volcanoes in light of the fact that this is the place it was accepted his fashions were found. Inside his manufactures, he utilizes Cyclopes as his aides since they have a characteristic ability for producing (Bolton 178). In addition to the fact that hephaestus is a smith, he is likewise a draftsman, expert, and a craftsman (Bulfinch 13). Truth be told, he is known as the ace expert (Hansen 185). He makes about everything that the divine beings need from their weapons and defensive layer, to their homes, castles and chariots (Hamilton 36). Hephaestus is a monstrous god. He is frequently outlined with peculiar facial highlights and twisted legs however with enormous chest area quality. Normally he is demonstrated using a sledge and chipping away at a weapon or object or some likeness thereof (Berens 76). In different delineations of craftsmanship, things regularly connected with work, for example, a hatchet, a donkey, and a pilos, also called a workman’s cap, are utilized to speak to him (Hansen 186). Hesphaestus is additionally spoken to by the quail. This bird’s weird move in the springtime is viewed as like how Hephaestus totters when he strolls (Graves 15). A few stories exist on how Hephaestus was conceived. While all accounts concur that he was destined to Hera, the goddess of marriage, they vary on when he was conceived and whether he had a dad by any means. Some state that he was destined to Hera, alone, on the grounds that she needed to bring forth a youngster without anyone else after Zeus exclusively brought forth Athena (Martin 88). Nonetheless, this is repudiated by the story that it was Hephaestus that helped Zeus bring forth Athena by parting Zeus’s head open to permit Athena to jump out. In this manner, Hera couldn't have been desirous of Athena’s single parent birth since Athena hadn’t been conceived at this point (Berens 21). This prompts the talk where Hera had Hephaestus some time before being hitched to Zeus (Martin 88). Be that as it may, the most straightforward clarification is that Zeus was undoubtedly his dad, and he was conceived before Athena (Bulfinch 15). After Hephaestus was conceived, Hera understood that he was appalling and disabled, and to free herself of such a humiliation, she lost him Olympus (Graves 86). He plunged into the ocean, and promptly he was spared by the ocean goddess Thetis. Thetis took him to an underground cavern where she and an oceanide Eurynome alternated thinking about and raising the youthful god (Hansen 183). For a long time he stayed covered up in his mystery, underground home. Before the finish of the nine years he was at that point a specialist expert. He made expand things of adornments, a lot to the pleasure of his guardians (Martin 89). He additionally made helpful items like fastens, pins, and cups (Hansen 184). While Hephaestus was living with Thetis in the submerged natural hollow, she revealed to him accounts of his introduction to the world mother, Hera. In the wake of hearing these accounts, Hephaestus urgently needed vengeance on his mom for losing him Olympus. He started to work relentless in his produce, leaving just for ambrosia and nectar. Some time later he developed with a sparkling dark and gold seat, his first magnum opus. Shown over the whole seat were various scenes delineating the accounts of the divine beings. He mentioned that Thetis take the seat to Hera up on Mount Olympus as a blessing. At the point when the seat was put before Hera, she respected it for quite a while. After she plunked down, she understood that she was unable to move. Undetectable groups of power held her set up. She hollered quickly, attempting to get away however with no achievement. Different Olympians immediately went to her guide however none of them could discharge her either. They before long arrived at the determination that a divine being had made the seat, yet they didn't have the foggiest idea who could have made it (Martin 89). Thetis, who happened to in any case be there, disclosed to the divine beings who made the seat. Ares promptly elected to bring Hephaestus, and set off without a moment's delay for the submerged cavern. At the point when Ares showed up, be that as it may, Hephaestus fended him off utilizing blazing brands. Ares came back to Olympus with hardly a penny and Hera started to expect that she would spend forever stuck in a seat. Fortunately for Hera, Dionysus concluded he would check out it. He accumulated an over the top measure of wine and went to the cavern. He made no sign that he was attempting to take Hephaestus to Olympus. Rather he gave Hephaestus the liquor and before long had him so flushed that Hephaestus couldn’t even walk. Dionysus at that point called upon his satyrs and jackass to accompany Hephaestus back to Olympus in a fantastic motorcade of woodwind playing and cymbal-crushing satyrs. When they showed up at Olympus, Dionysus proclaimed, in the interest of the tipsy Hephaestus, that Hera could go just if Hephaestus was permitted to remain on Mount Olympus. Each god supported the understanding so Hephaestus opened the seat, liberating Hera. From that point on, Hephaestus the smith was one of the twelve Olympians (Martin 90). Numerous individuals wonder how Olympus’s ugliest god turned into the spouse to the most delightful goddess. There are a few distinct clarifications on how this occurred. One story says that when Hephaestus previously observed Aphrodite, he quickly began to look all starry eyed at her and went directly to Zeus and Hera for authorization to wed her. Since the two of them concurred, they became a couple (Bolton 178). Another story expresses that Zeus offered Aphrodite to Hephaestus in a debt of gratitude is in order for him fashioning his lightning jolts (Bulfinch 4). An alternate story clarifies that Zeus wedded them to keep Aphrodite in the clear. He thought she required a dedicated and trained spouse, so he picked Hephaestus (Graves 16). Ultimately, one hypothesis says that Zeus set it up as retribution for when Aphrodite rejected him as a darling (Bolton 178). Regardless of how they got hitched, one thing is constantly settled upon. Hephaestus adored Aphrodite, yet Aphrodite stayed away forever that affection (Hansen 184). Aphrodite never adored Hephaestus since she thought it was despicable to have an injured and terrible spouse (Graves 17). So as opposed to being a devoted and loyal spouse, Aphrodite had numerous illicit relationships with divine beings just as humans. The most conspicuous undertaking was with Hephaestus’s sibling, Ares, the divine force of war. At the point when Hephaestus got some answers concerning her undertaking with Ares, he turned out to be particularly irate (Hansen 184). Helios came to Hephaestus and let him know of the undertaking among Aphrodite and Ares. Hephaestus’s quick response was of fierceness and vengeance (Hansen 184). He went to his smithy and created a couple of undetectable and indestructible chains. He took the chains and laid them over top of his bed, verifying whether it was hidden. Hephaestus disclosed to Aphrodite that he would depart in the midst of a get-away to Lemnos and professed to leave. When Aphrodite thought he was gone, she gathered Ares to come. They set down in Hephaestus’s own bed and in a split second got caught (Hansen 185). Hephaestus at that point came back to his home and gathered the entirety of the divine beings to accompany him. There, he let them see the embarrassed and caught sweethearts in bed (Bolton 180). Hephaestus disclosed to the divine beings how Aphrodite abhorred him for being injured and cherished Ares for being alluring. All the male divine beings remarked on the scene and saw it without disturb. A few of the goddesses, notwithstanding, didn't have a good time as much as the male divine beings did (Hansen 185). Everybody chuckled however, and ridiculed Ares and Aphrodite, yet some derided Hephaestus also (Bolton 180). At last, with some arguing from Poseidon, Hephaestus let the humiliated sweethearts go (Hansen 185). Hephaestus may have had a few issues with his significant other, however he was well known among the humans. He showed them smithing and the specialty of metalworking (Berens 74). Beside that, he was known for being exceptionally useful. Orion once came to Hephaestus’s manufacture on Lemnos in the wake of being blinded. Hephaestus showed compassion for him and sent a manual for take him to Apollo. In light of his support, all the humans respected him, and a considerable lot of them loved him (Berens 73). He has sanctuaries on the volcanic Island of Lemnos and Mt. Maschylus (Graves 88). He additionally has a sanctuary on Mount Etna and in Athens. To enter the sanctuary on Mt. Etna, the humans must pass fearsome dogs, who fill in as watchmen. These dogs can smell if individuals are pleasant or insidious. With these extraordinary watchmen, just the perfect and equitable spirits can enter (Berens 76). His sanctuary in Athens remains nearby the sanctuary of Athena. In Athens he serves close by Athena as the benefactor of painstaking work, explicitly the watchman of the smiths (Hamilton 37). Hephaestus, being the ace specialty

George brenard shaw Essay Example For Students

George brenard shaw Essay The evening of July 26th, 1856 probably the best writer ever, George Bernard Shaw, was conceived. George’s mother, Lucinda Elizabeth Gurly, was a privileged person, while his dad, George Gurly, was a poor heavy drinker. Shaw had two sisters, Elinour Agness, who kicked the bucket of tuberculosis at age 20, and Lucinda Frances who passed on of starvation at age 40. Both were old maids and had no kids. In Dublin the performance center was the main thing that really intrigued, and had something to offer to Shaw. George likewise went to numerous schools while living in Dublin, including the Wesleyan Connexional School, yet said he gained little from schools and was self-instructed. In 1876, mother, girls, child deserted their dad and moved to London to look for an increasingly refined lifestyle. They inhabited 13 Victoria Grove, a working class zone in London. Shaw looked for some kind of employment at Edison’s Telephone Company at a pay of two shillings and a sixpence, and in his extra time instructed himself to compose. Sooner or later he was elevated to leader of his specialty with a compensation of 80 pounds. Before long enough Shaw conceded that he was not a working man, and he needed to be an essayist. December 23rd 1880, the family moved to Fitzroy Street. This empowered Shaw to visit the historical center library, where he took in the most for his instruction. Jobless, he was unable to stand to eat at the nearby cafés and ate rather at the vegan diner where he could purchase a decent and feeding dinner. He turned into a veggie lover in 1881 and kept his pledge never to eat tissue again. He accepted that every single living thing were equivalent and had the right to be treated with a similar regard. Shaws visits to exhibition hall library carried him into contact with the incredible individuals alive during that time, for example, William Morris, Ruskin, and the Bloomsburry pack. These individuals were similarly as brilliant as he might have been, in this way permitting Shaw to connect with them and become socially dynamic. An enthused about fighter; in 1883 Shaw joined the Queensburry Amateur Boxing Championships, and partook in the Middle ; Heavyweight matches. This was an incredible method of keeping sound, while he practiced his cerebrum at the library. With his attractive features and refined character, ladies fell at his feet. Jenny Patterson, Alice Locket, May Morris, Edith Bland, Eleanor Marx and Annie Besant, each began to look all starry eyed at him. However, Shaw was not keen on marriage, being too bustling composing plays. In 1888 The Star Newspaper utilized him as a music pundit, and he utilized the pseudonym Corno de Bassetto. At this point Shaw was starting to be seen all through London for his composition, giving him many openings for work. Anyway somewhere in the range of 1873 and 1883 he composed five books, which were all dismissed by each distributer in London. Rather he chose to compose plays, the primary execution of Widowers House showed up in London in 1892 and Arms and The Man acted in London ; New York, in 1894. While he was not composing, Shaw found Karl Marx and read his book Das Kapital, during which, developed his enthusiasm for history ; human progress. Subsequent to perusing Why are the Many Poor?, he joined the Fabian Society on sixteenth May 1884, later getting one of it’s pioneers. By joining the Fabian Society he met his deep rooted companions, Sydney and Beatrice Webb. Next Shaw was recruited by The Pall Mall Gazette employed him between 1885-88, to audit books. At that point Edwin Palmer, originator of the Magazine of Music, utilized Shaw as his music pundit. Not long after that Shaw started to compose the plays that made him an extremely, well off man. These plays included Arms and the Man, Candida, Don Juan in Hell, Getting Married, Heartbreak House, The Apple Cart, and his last play Why She Would Not. Shaw kept on carrying on with his life composing plays until the day he passed on. .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a , .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a .postImageUrl , .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a , .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a:hover , .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a:visited , .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a:active { border:0!important; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: obscurity 250ms; webkit-progress: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a:active , .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a:hover { darkness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a .focused content region { width: 100%; position: rela tive; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .uc84761 b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .uc84761b392a8b732510b7d4cd059196a:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Lizzie Borden Argumentative Essay On November second 1950, while pruning an apple tree, George fell of a stepping stool and kicked the bucket of inconveniences at the time of 94.During his lifetime George Bernard Shaw had numerous extraordinary accomplishments. In 1892 Shaw’s first play, Widower’s Houses, acted in London. Shaw kept on correcting plays, for example, Overruled, Man of Destiny , and Great Catherine. In 1926 he got the Nobel Prize for Literature. Despite the fact that he was granted an enormous whole of cash for winning the Nobel Prize he turned it down. In the wake of winning the Nobel Prize Shaw proceeded to compose significantly more plays. In 1929 the primary Shaw Festival was held at Malvern, and opened with The Apple Cart. One popular accomplishment that Shaw had, was his inclusion in the Fabian Society. He joined the Fabian Society on Mary16, 1884, and developed to get one of it’s primary representatives. Somewhere in the range of 1889 and 1901 he composed numerous handouts for the general public remembering The Fabian Election Manifesto for 1892, and Socialism For Millionaires in 190. He likewise accepting the situation as a political lobbyist during World War 1, composing pieces, for example, The Rights of Man, and Common Sense About the War. Shaw was likewise an incredible devotee to Marxism and had the option to visit Russia and meet Stalin in 1931. In 1938 Shaw got an Oscar for Film of the Year, with Pygmalion, which was introduced as My Fair Lady. That year the world debut of his play Geneva, was appeared at Malvern. The life of George Bernard Shaw was one of magnificace and enormity, in this way the world had the option to profit a lot from his life. He helped shape the scholarly world and the United Kingdom. Because of his interest in the Fabian Society he had the option to set the communist development in England, and was a significant contributer to the administration that Britain has today. In 1900 the Fabian Society converged with the ILP, to make the Labor Party, incompletely because of crafted by Shaw. He was likewise a contributer to the manner in which we think and act in western culture today. Like in Britain, our general public is beginning to take an increasingly communist demeanor in our administration, on account of the political activism of Shaw. George has indicated the world the issues with class frameworks through his play Pygmalion, along these lines guiding more focus toward helping poor people. Today his heritage despite everything lives on at Niagara on the Lake, where there is a yearly Shaw celebration, where his plays are appeared to those keen on his perfect works of art. In general George Bernard Shaw was an incredible dramatist, extremist, lawmaker, and by and large great individual. He went to bat for what he had confidence in, regardless of whether it was vegetarianism or communism, depicting a ver honorable quality. At long last his life can be summarized in one statement, â€Å"The world would be a superior spot, be it that it gave us more Bernard Shaws.†

Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed My Community Service is Not Credible!

Blog Archive MBA Admissions Myths Destroyed My Community Service is Not Credible! A few years ago, we had a client who (disguised example) started to volunteer at a local hospital, when a family member unfortunately fell ill. He wanted to make his difference, so he started a unique fundraising initiative, which, to his surprise, took off. Others followed  his example  and the funds started to roll in. His experience culminated with the hospital’s fundraising board asking him to become a board member and he proudly obliged. Why are we sharing this story? We offer it because  of its truncated timeline. The individual started his program in June and was asked to join the board in August â€" two months total, right in the lead-up to his MBA applications. The individual was worried that the admissions committee would think his efforts were insincere and were undertaken just to impress. However,  his efforts were so sincere and results so powerful (and even more impressive when you know the actual details!) that the achievements were indisputable and he found his way into several top schools. Our point is that  if you are considering taking on community service now, you should not worry that the admissions committees will see your actions as transparent and self-serving, as long as you are sincere in your efforts.  Of course, if you are indeed being transparent and self-serving, you will be viewed as such, but if you devote yourself to an activity and perform, you should impress. Share ThisTweet Admissions Myths Destroyed

Go to The Caribbean - 1203 Words

The Caribbean is a great destination for people with a small or large budget who want to experience the nightlife, casinos, watersports, natural wonders, and beautiful beaches the various islands have to offer. These islands include the serene landscape of Bermuda, the eco-tourism of Puerto Rico, duty free shopping of U.S. Virgin Islands, Bahamas and many more luxurious islands the Caribbean has to offer. Family vacation-U.S Virgin Island Anyone who enjoys saving money while shopping should definitely take a visit to the U.S Virgin Islands. Travelers can even go island hopping to St Croix or St John. The culture is wonderful, the people are friendly and the beaches are beautiful. The U.S virgin island is a group of small islands east of Puerto Rico and west of the British Virgin Islands. They lie in the Caribbean Sea, which is part of the Atlantic Ocean. St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas islands, as well as many nearby islets, make up the U.S. Virgin Islands (Dungy, 2013). 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Definition and Examples of Vogue Words

A vogue word is a fashionable word or phrase that tends to lose its effectiveness through overuse. Also called a  voguism. Vogue words, says Kenneth G. Wilson, are perfectly good Standard English words that suddenly become modish, so that for a time we hear them being used everywhere, by everyone, until we are utterly sick of them (The Columbia Guide to Standard American English, 1993). Examples and Observations [Some] vogue words are technical words clumsily applied to other fields. These include parameter, bottom line, interface, mode, and space; phrases like immediate feedback and close the loop; and, in a sense, ballpark figure, and touch base with you.(Matt Young, The Technical Writers Handbook: Writing With Style and Clarity. University Science Books, 2002)IconicMr. Leopold is not turning 95 years old, but his iconic ice cream business is. . . .Now owned by Peters youngest son, Stratton, and his wife Mary, the iconic sweets shop on Broughton Street still serves its premium recipes in a fun, retro-style soda shop. . . .She says they plan to offer plenty of room for guests to find a seat while hot dogs will be for sale and the iconic Leopolds portable carts will be on hand outside the store.(BDay Bash: Leopolds Celebrates 95 Years. Savannah Morning News, August 14, 2014)ArtisanThere are, I think, two ways one could read the fact that McDonalds is using the word  artisan  to market it s chicken. On the one hand, it could be a self-aware joke meant to finally deal a death blow to one of the most grating words in the pop lexicon. The king of mass-produced fast food has officially appropriated a phrase that once denoted something expensive and handmade, thus rendering it fully devoid of meaning. In which case: McDonalds 1, upper-middle-class foodies 0.The other possibility: The chain is struggling to  reverse its sales woes, and bewildered by the brave new world ushered in by Shake Shack and Chipotle, it has latched on to artisan as an inadvertently desperate-sounding synonym for less industrial.†(Jordan Weissmann, McDonald’s, Bewildered by Modernity, Is Now Selling an Artisan Chicken Sandwich. Slate, April 27, 2015)Favorite and Least Favorite Words: Awe and Awesome!- Awe, a word we are about to lose, that has been robbed of its meaning by the unfortunate adjective awesome. Awe meaning ecstatic, reverential feeling before Beauty, before the Magnificen t. Awesome, a tiresome word, flung indiscriminately in all directions, on all occasions until it has become so trivial, it is valueless.Awe, to be used on rare occasions before the marvelous, the extraordinary. It conveys wonder and amazement. Even the sound conveys a feeling. Saying the word, the mouth opens in speechless delight before that which is greater than the self.(Elizabeth Strong-Cuevas, quoted by Lewis Burke Frumkes in Favorite Words of Famous People. Marion Street Press, 2011)- In a world of sensory overload, most terms of acclaim are exaggerations. A pile of french fries hardly makes us tremble in awe, yet we call it awesome, exaggerating for the sake of persuasion. But because awesome is so worn out, the exaggeration doesnt register; it needs an element of novelty to help it to do so. Novelty gets attention. The fries were industrial-strength awesome. The ride was shiver-me-timbers awesome.(Arthur Plotnik, Better Than Great: A Plenitudinous Compendium of Wallopingly F resh Superlatives. Cleis Press, 2011)- Im just amazed that hundreds of people can gobble up this malarkey and repeat it, with straight faces. Im equally amazed by the high regard in which HubSpot people hold themselves. They use the word awesome incessantly, usually to describe themselves or each other. Thats awesome! Youre awesome! No, youre awesome for saying that Im awesome!(Dan Lyons, Disrupted: My Misadventure in the Start-Up Bubble. Hachette, 2016)- Vogue words like  awesome  catch on because everyone is using them, and they irritate because everyone is using them. Adopters hear other people using  awesome  to indicate enthusiastic approval generally and pick it up because it gives them a sense of solidarity and group identity. Scorners resist  awesome  because they do not care to sound like those people.Acceptance or rejection of group identity sharpens the reactions.For example, sticklers will likely carp about impoverishment of vocabulary and semantic drift,   awesome  in the enthusiastic approval generally sense having little or nothing to do with  awe  (just as they would previously have objected to  terrible  for its attenuated connection to  terror). For the stickler, disapproval is a badge of cultural and social superiority. For the adopter, approval is a thumb in the eye of the pretentious.(John E. McIntyre, Shock and Awesome. The Baltimore Sun, December 23, 2015)ViableViable means workable and likely to survive. It has become a vogue word and is commonly used in the sense of workable or achievable. Adjectives such as durable, lasting, effective, and practical are more appropriate.(James S. Major, Writing Classified and Unclassified Papers in the Intelligence Community. Scarecrow Press, 2009)Associate You walk into a PetSmart, a supermarket for dog and cat supplies that allows customers to shop along with their animal companions. You hear a voice on a loudspeaker say urgently, Would an associate report to the rubber-toys aisle. Instantly, a guy with a mop and pail appears, zeros in on the puddle behind a shamefaced puppy and takes care of the problem.The job title of the person doing the mopping-up is associate. No longer is today’s man with a muck rake termed an employee; that description is deemed demeaning. Associate hints at managerial equality.(William Safire, On Language: Vogue-Word Watch. The New York Times, July 15, 2009)UnacceptableWhy is everyone using the word unacceptable lately? An irate woman on Five Live phoned in this morning and said that it was completely unacceptable that the banks were gambling with our money.Tonight, on East Midlands Today, after a disturbing report about a sawn-up body found in a wheelie bin in a Nottingham suburb, a policeman said, This is a quiet residential area and, as such, this crime is totally unacceptable.A neighbour who was interviewed in the street said, I noticed the bin had been out on the pavement for three days, which is obviously unaccept able.(Sue Townsend, Adrian Mole: The Prostrate Years. Penguin, 2010)ImageA great darling among the loosely used pseudoscientific vogue words of recent years is image in the sense impression that others subconsciously have of someone. A jaundiced observer of modern life might well suppose that what we actually are is not nearly so important as the image we are able--to use another vogue word--to project.(John Algeo and Thomas Pyles, The Origins and Development of the English Language, 5th ed. Thomson, 2005)FeedbackFeedback. In its rigorous scientific sense, feedback is the return to an input of part of its output, so as to provide self-corrective action. Feedback is a vogue word in a loose sense for which response would be a perfectly adequate alternative, as in we got a lot of valuable feedback on our advertising campaign.(Ernest Gowers, et al. The Complete Plain Words, rev. ed. David R. Godine, 1988)How to Resist Vogue WordsThe best way to offset the harm of vogues is to stick reso lutely, in speech and writing, to each vogue words central meaning. Address an audience or a postcard, but not a problem or a question. Call a substance or a temperament volatile, but not an issue or a situation. Express sympathy far and wide, but keep empathy for aesthetics or psychiatry. Remember Tiny Tim and avoid naming things minuscule or minimal.(Jacques Barzun, Simple Direct: A Rhetoric for Writers. Harper Row, 1975)

The Impact of Human Resource and Operational Management...

Article 1: The Impact of Human Resource and Operational Management Practices on Company Productivity: A Longitudinal Study Dana Cuffee BSA 523 Operations Management and Analysis August 31, 2009 Dr. Woo This article talks about human resource and the operational management practices on a company productivity. This paper reports on the study that evaluates the individual and collective impact on manufacturing performance of the seven managerial practices most associated with these theoretical perspectives: empowerment, training, teamwork, total quality management, just in time, advanced manufacturing, technology, and supply chain partnering. There was little or no evidence related to a company performance in†¦show more content†¦This is based on the theory that empowerment required extensive skills in order for it to work, thus both of these practices underscore the effectiveness of teams. Also, learning from extensive training requires teamwork and problem solving skills, which provides the competencies on which team performance depends. The second hypothesis was that having total quality management, just in time, advanced manufacturing technology, and supply cha in partnering will independently enhances company performance. The combined practices worked as a synergy, affecting each other. Lean production adds supply chain partnering in the mix, which in turns, bolster the other practices by helping to ensure all the other components. The third hypothesis was that empowerment, extensive training, and teamwork will positively interact with total quality management, just in time, advanced manufacturing technology, and supply chain partnering to predict company performance. Stevenson (2007) also uses the seven practices in his book. 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This essay is going to discuss the above international management challenges in a broad sense and giving illustration inRead MoreA Study of the Barriers of Implementation of Accounting Information System: Case of Listed Companies in Tehran Stock Exchange5251 Words   |  22 Pagesof Economics and Behavioral Studies Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 76-85, Feb 2011 A study of the barriers of implementation of accounting information syst em: Case of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange 1Accounting Mahdi Salehi1 Abdoreza Abdipour2 and Management Department, Islamic Azad University, Takestan Branch, Iran, 2Payame Noor University, Andimeshk Branch, Iran mahdi_salehi54@yahoo.com Abstract: Accounting information system is one of subsystems in management information system that is veryRead MoreOn the Interface between Operations and Human Resources Management16889 Words   |  68 Pagesand Human Resources Management John Boudreau †¢ Wallace Hopp †¢ John O. McClain †¢ L. Joseph Thomas ILR Human Resource Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 IEMS Department, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208 Johnson School of Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 Johnson School of Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853 jwb6@cornell.edu †¢ hopp@northwestern.edu †¢ jom1@cornell.edu †¢ ljt3@cornell.edu O perations management (OM)

Elements Of Successful Organizational Diversity Management Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper Elementss of Successful Organizational Diversity Management Why is organisational diverseness of import? Historically, diverseness in the workplace has been recognized as an employment equity issue. Now, nevertheless, diverseness in the workplace is being recognized as a benefit that will lend to an organisation # 8217 ; s bottom line. Increased employee and client satisfaction terminal up as increased productiveness, all of which are mensurable results ( Goff, 1998 ) . Diverseness goes beyond employment equity to fostering an environment that values the differences and maximizes the potency of all employees, one that stimulates employee creativeness and innovativeness ( U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board ( U.S. MSPB ) , 1993 ) . To make an organisational civilization that supports work force diverseness involves several of import elements. These elements include a needs analysis, administrative and direction support and committedness, instruction and preparation, civilization and direction systems alterations and uninterrupted followup and rating. Needs Analysis In many of my resources, a needs analysis was the 2nd important component after senior direction support and committedness. I feel a needs analysis should be prepared foremost to supply information to senior direction in sequestering their support every bit good as to adequately find work force and organisational demands for making a diverse workplace. First, happen out what employees are concerned about. Most frequently used for this are focus groups and studies. The demands and outlooks of a diverse work force can change by organisational and functional degrees, location, ethnicity, and gender ( Baytos and Delatte, 1993 ) . Second, find the demands of the organisation. By inquiring certain inquiries, an organisation can find its demands based on its civilization and resources ( U.S. MSPB, 1993 ) . Does the organisation have problem retaining employees who would add to its diverseness? In an organisation with diverseness, which, if any, countries of the work force are being treated unsuitably? Has the organisation impressed upon its leaders and directors the benefits that come from pull offing diversene ss suitably? By utilizing a study that focuses on these inquiries you can determine where disposal and direction feel the organisation soon is sing diverseness. Administrative and Management Commitment and Support Administrative and direction support is critical for diverseness alteration attempts. An of import function for senior direction is to supply leading through development of a vision and ends for a diverse workplace ( Lapid-Bogda, 1992 ) . To derive support from disposal you need to straight associate diverseness to the concern. Be specific as to where the diverseness issues lie. Are they employee or client issues? Or both? Provide information sing the diverseness chances in the market place, work force and organisation ( Prism International, 2000 ) . Benchmarking best patterns related to diverseness from other organisations, demographic informations, briefings sing ailments, possible cases, and hiring and keeping jobs are all relevant beginnings of informations. In general, the organisations sing the greatest success with diverseness preparation are more likely to see diverseness as a concern issue instead than a societal issue ( Profiting from others # 8217 ; , 1994 ) . Link diverseness to other organisational enterprises, such as quality direction or calling development ( Lapid-Bogda, 1992 ) . Discuss both your initial appraisal of what will be required for execution and institutionalization of diverseness direction and the known elements in the organisation that will advance and/or hinder the successful accomplishment of diverseness direction ( Prism International, 2000 ) . Finally, administrative support and committedness is indispensable besides for the agencies to supply the plans and resources necessary for diverseness instruction and preparation. You # 8217 ; ll neer survive the first unit of ammunition of budget cuts without the support of disposal. Education and Training Organizations that successfully manage diverseness distinguish between the differences of instruction and preparation. Education is a edifice of consciousness and making a base of general apprehension. At the administrative and direction degrees, educational attempts can engender involvement and an consciousness of demand, which can so widen the alteration procedure throughout the organisation ( Baytos and Delatte, 1993 ) . Education provides a scene to specify issues, develop consistent linguistic communication and to discourse the nature and beginning of prejudices that hinder our ability to comprehend others clearly. Training involves activities designed to construct useable accomplishments. Training marks in on specific issues to develop the accomplishments necessary to efficaciously and sensitively cover with an issue. For illustration, preparation might learn directors how to carry on public presentation assessments with employees from a different civilization. By utilizing the information gathered during the demands analysis, an organisation can aim in on the specific diverseness issues they need to turn to with preparation. What has worked good for many organisations is to engage outside trainers for a short period of clip to # 8220 ; develop the trainer # 8221 ; and help with the initial preparation workshops. Outside trainers tend to be more nonsubjective and are more likely to have regard from employees, which is valuable in the initial diverseness preparation attempt. Before an organisation hires an outside trainer, it should exhaustively reexamine the trainer # 8217 ; s certificates. Ask for mentions, and follow up on them. It # 8217 ; s besides wise to inquire campaigners to fix a proposal that outlines how they will associate their preparation to the organisational civilization and concern scheme. The advantage of internal trainers is that they understand the organisation # 8217 ; s civilization and can pull off the preparation procedure ( Caudron, 1993 ) . Having developing plans conducted by a diverse group of trainers produces a more relevant, originative merchandise and one that demonstrates the organisation # 8217 ; s value of diverseness ( Gardenswartz and Rowe, 2000 ) . Compulsory preparation across all degrees sends a convincing message about the organisation # 8217 ; s committedness to diverseness and increases the likeliness that what lower-level employees learn will be role-modeled and reinforced by their directors. Findingss clearly indicate that it is the attending of directors, non employees, that makes the most positive impact on preparation results ( Profiting from others # 8217 ; , 1994 ) . If the preparation is non relevant to the demands of the work force, more injury than good may happen. For illustration, an organisation that had a big homosexual and sapphic population decided to carry on diverseness preparation without larning about the concerns and outlooks of the employees. Their preparation plan focused on racial issues ( which weren # 8217 ; t a job at this company ) and ignored homophobia ( which was a job ) . Gay employees left the preparation feeling as if direction didn # 8217 ; t see their issues to be of import ( Caudron, 1993 ) . Diversity preparation demands to be effectual. There is a significant foundation of cognition and expertness associated with understanding the effects of diverseness in organisations. The trainer needs to be adept in the capable affair and possess good facilitation accomplishments in order to supply high quality preparation ( Cox, 1994 ) . Some illustrations of uneffective preparation include preparation that attempts to repair the victim, by seeking to acquire these persons to conform to the organisation # 8217 ; s civilization, preparation that tries to coerce politically right linguistic communication onto workshop participants and preparation that focuses on facing stereotypes without giving importance to developing the accomplishments needed to convey consciousness of these stereotypes back to the workplace. Raising consciousness is of import, but you have to state employees how to use that consciousness to their occupations ( Caudron, 1993 ) . Gratuitous to state, instruction and preparation are perfectly necessary, but will be uneffective if an organisation does non alter its systems ( Johnson, 1992 ) . Culture and Management Systems Changes Diversity needs to be a manner of life, non merely an organisational cant. Bond ( 1998 ) , provinces that articulated values and squad constructions are of import but non sufficient to back up diverseness in an organisation. This component should include an appraisal of the organisational civilization and human resource direction systems of the organisation. Effective organisational diverseness direction needs to travel beyond plans, procedures and activities to develop a civilization that recognizes and wagess those who value, promote and facilitate workplace diverseness ( Wong, 1999 ) . The formation of a diverseness squad, dwelling of preponderantly non-management members from all countries of the organisation with the leader of this group a individual trained in diverseness, is important. Management has to so make avenues that allow this group to do the alterations they identify as necessary ( Johnson, 1992 ) . An organisation should take stock of all preparation and development provided and so measure diverseness # 8217 ; s associate to the content and procedure of the preparation. See how diverseness constructs such as cultural differences, stereotypes, and premises relate to the preparation # 8217 ; s subject ; besides, think about how differences in background, manners and civilization influence participant receptiveness and comfort. Following, adapt both content and procedure to accommodate the demands of a broad assortment of employees working in a diverse environment ( Gardenswartz and Rowe, 2000 ) . Policies and patterns need to be consistently reviewed to see how they can integrate diverse demands and penchants and so, if necessary, changed to travel diverseness beyond the personal consciousness degree and incorporate it into the company civilization ( Johnson, 1992 ) . Directors need to cognize what their function is in back uping diverseness. Many organisations provide uninterrupted instruction and preparation sing diverseness rules and diverseness accomplishment development for all directors. These rules and accomplishments include enlisting and keeping, diverseness struggle declaration, diverseness public presentation coaching, and calling development. Most significantly, though, is that direction must # 8220 ; walk the talk # 8221 ; . Directors and supervisors must transform their attitudes into existent behavioural alterations, and the organisation must advance and suit new attitudes and behaviour ( Morris, Romero and Tan, 1996 ) . Follow-up and Evaluation Many of the successful organisations pattern some type of long-run follow-up and monitoring to keep the positive effects of preparation attempts. These attempts include: set uping a commission and/or developing a newssheet to track advancement, highlight assorted civilizations, etc. ; sporadically administrating a study to estimate consequences ; and run intoing on a regular basis with directors and decision makers to reexamine these attempts ( Jordan, 1999 ) . Other organisations have established employee development and mentoring plans, to assist a broader scope of employees move up in the organisation ( Caudron, 1993 ) . By rating I am mentioning to mensurating the results of diverseness attempts and alteration. Consequences can be measured through increased employee keeping, improved answerability and increased alliance with the organisation # 8217 ; s mission ( Black and Prudente, 1998 ) . Diversity frequently has both touchable and intangible benefits ( such as # 8220 ; increased occupation satisfaction # 8221 ; or # 8220 ; reduced struggle # 8221 ; ) and an effort to quantify these benefits should be made ( Gardenswartz and Rowe, 2000 ) . As Albert Einstein said, # 8220 ; Not everything that can be measured counts and non everything that counts can be measured. # 8221 ; Finally, continuously reexamine your enterprise by inquiring those within your organisation: Is this working? If it is, happen out what # 8217 ; s working and maintain making it. If it # 8217 ; s non, reassess what you # 8217 ; re making and why you # 8217 ; re making it. Decision Constructing a genuinely effectual diverseness plan requires a comprehensive, long-run committedness from disposal, human resources, directors and employees. Making an organisational civilization that supports work force diverseness involves several important elements. The demands and outlooks of both the work force and the organisation must be ascertained. These demands and outlooks are of import to procure disposal and direction support every bit good as to guarantee that the preparation will hold relevancy. Continuous followup of the preparation and enterprises is of import to reenforce what has been learned every bit good as to show committedness and to # 8220 ; maintain the fires firing # 8221 ; . Measuring the touchable and intangible results of diverseness direction keeps the procedure fluxing and links the enterprise to the concern scheme. More than merely a preparation plan, diverseness must be woven into the cloth of the organisation. By larning from other organisations s uccesses, you can be after your class of action and aid better the procedure of pull offing diverseness in your organisation. Mentions Baytos, L. , A ; Delatte, A. P. ( 1993 ) . 8 guidelines for successful diverseness preparation. Training, 30 ( 1 ) , 55-60. Black, N. J. , A ; Prudente, D. ( 1998 ) . Developing A Diversity Action Plan. Bizmonthly.com, www.bizmonthly.com/news1998/september/focus/prudenteblack.shtml Chemical bond, M.A. ( 1998, May ) . The ecology of diverseness in organisational scenes: Lessons from a instance survey. Human Relations. Caudron, S. ( 1993 ) . Training can damage diverseness attempts. Personnel Journal, 72 ( 4 ) , 50-60. Cox, T. , Jr. ( 1994 ) . A theoretical account to steer organisational alteration. Cultural Diversity In Organizations: Theory, Research A ; Practice ( pp. 225-241 ) . San Francisco: Berret-Koehler. Gardenswartz, L. , A ; Rowe, A. Tips and Techniques: Integrating diverseness into all preparation: One scheme for operationalizing diverseness. Diversity Central # 8211 ; Diversity Practitioners # 8211 ; Tips and Techniques, www.diversityhotwire.com/div # 8230 ; _practitioners/tips_techniques.html Goff, L. ( 1998 ) . Making the instance for diverseness preparation: Confronted by turning unfavorable judgment, Advisers focus on bottom line. Crain # 8217 ; s New York Business, 14 ( 23 ) , 27. Johnson, R. ( 1992 ) . Diversity preparation: built-in stairss for bridging race, linguistic communication, gender Gaps. Training, 29 ( 7 ) . Jordan, K. ( 1999 ) . Diversity preparation: what works, what doesn # 8217 ; t, and why? Civil Rights Journal, 4 ( 1 ) , 53. Lapid-Bogda, G. ( 1992 ) . How to win senior direction # 8217 ; s support for diverseness. HR Focus, 69 ( 3 ) , 7. Morris, L. , Romero, J. , A ; Tan, D.L. ( 1996 ) . Changes in attitude after diverseness preparation. Training A ; Development, 50 ( 9 ) , 54-56. Prism International: Navigating Schemes In A World of Opportunity. Diversity Capabilities. www.prism-international.com/cap_diversity.html Profiting from others # 8217 ; experience: a diverseness preparation checklist. ( 1994 ) . HRMagazine, 39 ( 10 ) , 68-70. U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board. ( 1993, September ) . The Changing Face of the Federal Workplace. A Report on the Proceedings of a Symposium on Diversity. Washington, D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office. Wong, H. Z. ( 1999 ) . Best patterns in diverseness schemes and enterprises. Coast Guard Diversity Summit, www.uscg.mil/hq/g-w/g-wt/g-wtl/summit/speech2.html. Bibliography Included in study.

Circulatory System Lab Report Essay Example

Circulatory System Lab Report Paper This will provide the blood with oxygen for the body. Oxygen can be entered through the mouth and the nose. (Author: Unknown, Year 2009 (Edited), Title: The Respiratory system, http://en. Wisped. Org/wick/Respiratory_system Date visited: 29/05/09) Heart Rates: The meaning pulse rate is exactly the same than a heart rate. The Pulse Rate/ Heart Rate is the dilation and contraction of the elastic muscular wall of the arteries. The Pulse Rate can be found in Arteries closer to the surface, for example; Carotid pulse in the neck and the Radial Pulse in the wrist. The heart rate can be increased or decreased for various reasons, For example; Exercise. The Harder and longer we exercise the more oxygenated blood is used by the cells, Therefore our heart rate increases so then oxygenated blood is pumped faster, as we exercise harder, The body uses more oxygen and inhales oxygen more frequently. This is because the cells in the body are working harder ND need fresh oxygenated blood faster to operate (Inhale to breathe in oxygen, Exhale to breathe out Carbon Dioxide). Group 1: activity Group 2: 30 Minutes No activity Aim: This experiment will prove how heart rates change with 30 minutes exercise a day Vs.. No exercise a week, and also the fitness levels after; gained and lost. Hypothesis: I think 30 minutes exercise a day will decrease the heart rate and increase fitness for Group 1. I think Group 2 will increase heart rate, decrease fitness and increase calories. Materials: Pen Record Sheets Stop watches Year 9 Students Method: Step 1: Students rested by lying down comfortably. We will write a custom essay sample on Circulatory System Lab Report specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Circulatory System Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Circulatory System Lab Report specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Step 2: Their pulse rate was measured for 15 seconds, then recorded. Steps: Students conducted 15 seconds of star jumps, then the pulse rate was recorded. Steps: Students conducted 1 5 seconds of star jumps, then the pulse rate was recorded. Step 5: Students conducted 15 seconds of star jumps, then the pulse rate was recorded. Step 6: Students conducted 15 seconds of star jumps, then the pulse rate was recorded. Step 7: Students conducted 15 seconds of star jumps, then the pulse rate was recorded. Step 8: Students rested by lying down or 15 seconds, then the pulse rate was recorded. Step 9: Students rested by lying down for 15 seconds, then the pulse rate was recorded. Step 10: Students rested by lying down for 15 seconds, then the pulse rate was recorded. Step 1 1: Students rested by lying down for 15 seconds, then the pulse rate was recorded. Step 12: Students rested by lying down for 15 seconds, then the pulse rate was recorded. (Each 15 seconds of each step represents % oaf minute, 15 seconds was then times by 4) (15 seconds X 4 = 60 seconds) Results: Personal average results: Pulse Description Pulse rate per 15 seconds X Resting Pulse (before exercise) 19 76 4 (Pulse rate per minute) After 1 minute exercise 27 After 2 minute exercise 33 After 3 minute exercise 38 After 4 minute exercise 40 After 5 minute exercise 44 108 132 152 160 176 After 1 minute recovery 112 After 2 minute recovery 96 After 3 minute recovery 88 After 4 minute recovery 19 76 After 5 minute recovery 19 76 (30 minutes activity) Group 1: The person would have a lower heart rate in which it would have increased slower and then decreased faster than group 2, and also much fitter. Group 1 results (Averages): Exercise duration Average Heart rates (30 Minis exercise) Resting pulse rate: 75 1 Minute exercise: 135 2 Minute exercise: 148 3 Minute exercise: 152 4 Minute exercise. 152 5 Minute exercise: 154 1 Minute recovery . 103 2 Minute recovery: 94 3 Minute recovery: 87 4 Minute recovery: 81 5 Minute recovery: 76 (No activity) Group 2: The person would have a much higher heart rate than group 1, not fit and likely to be normal obese (Weight). Group 2 results (Average): The results recorded in the heart rates were average to an average student. The results were similar. The differences had shown the fitness level. (The lower the heart rate the fitter, The higher the less fitter. The results recorded in the heart rates were higher than a frequent swimmer. The results were different than an average swimmer. Discussion: When exercise is conducted, Cells are forced to work harder in which, the cells will then need nutrients faster. When blood is pumped from the heart it travels to the lungs to get oxygen (oxygenated blood), then to the cells therefore cells will need nutrients faster so this process speeds up. The results were expected; every minute the average heart rate increased by at least 10 beats, however the heart rates went down roughly the same speed than when exercising.

Best Podcasts for Law Students

Best Podcasts for Law Students Blogs can be helpful for new law students, but many people enjoy listening to podcasts as well. Podcasts can be a great way to get information and give your very tired eyes a break from reading online. To help you update your podcast subscriptions, here is a list of some of the best podcasts for law students. Best Law Podcasts Enchanting Lawyer Podcast: This podcast is hosted by Jacob Sapochnick who runs his own solo practice and focuses on helping lawyers understand how to run and grow a business. Tips will be shared for using social media to grow your business and general marketing tips. Gen Why Lawyer Podcast: This weekly podcast is hosted by Nicole Abboud who interviews Gen Y attorneys who are accomplishing great things in their legal careers. She also talks to non-practicing attorneys who are using their legal knowledge to explore other ventures. Law School Toolbox Podcast: The Law School Toolbox podcast is an engaging show for law students about law school, the bar exam, legal careers, and life. Your hosts Alison Monahan and Lee Burgess offer practical tips and advice on academic matters, careers, and more. You might not always agree with them, but you won’t be bored listening. The goal is to impart useful, actionable advice in an entertaining manner. Lawpreneur Radio: This podcast is hosted by  Miranda McCroskey  who hung out her shingle over ten years ago to found her own firm. Her goal is to create a community where members are both lawpreneurs who’ve figured out how to successfully start their own firm and the vendors who support them. If you are ever thinking of hanging out your own shingle, check this out. Lawyerist Podcast: The  Lawyerist  is a popular legal blog and is also a podcast. In this weekly podcast, the hosts Sam Glover and Aaron Street chat with lawyers and interesting people about innovative business models, legal technology, marketing, ethics, starting a law firm, and much more.​ Legal Toolkit Podcast: This podcast is a  comprehensive resource for professionals in law practice management. Your hosts Heidi Alexander and Jared Correia invite forward-thinking lawyers to discuss the services, ideas, and programs that have improved their practices. Legal Talk Network:  The Legal Talk Network is an online media network for legal professionals that produces a large number of podcasts on a variety of different legal topics. The programs are available on-demand through various channels, including on the Legal Talk Network website, iTunes, and iHeartRadio. The flagship show called  Lawyer 2 Lawyer  has over 500 shows for you to listen to and download. If you are looking for a podcast to fill some extra commute or downtime, this may be the one for you. Resilient Lawyer: This podcast is hosted by Jeena Cho who offers mindfulness training for lawyers and is the author of The Anxious Lawyer. Jeena interviews a number of attorneys who share their stories about practicing law and finding a path to happiness. Thinking Like a Lawyer: This podcast is brought to you by the folks at Above the Law. Your hosts are Elie Mystal and Joe Patrice. They discuss a variety of topics, promising an entertaining and fun listen for those interesting in talking about the world through a legal lens.

Audiometry Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Audiometry - Lab Report Example The conduction testing of the air presents stimuli to both ears but independently using some special earphones. The stimuli is reduced while going from the test ear to the cochlea of the others ear. This is energy loss is known as the interaural attenuation which ranges between 45 – 80 dB. However, stimulation occurs to the cochlea in both ears. As a result, cross hearing is a situation to consider more in the conduction of bone than in the conduction of air (Yoon et.al 469). The mastoid process of the proper ear is used to transmit pure tones by placing vibrator bone over it. The results of the experiment may be determined by the placement of the vibrator as well as the pressure. Technical factors and distortion may cause may limit the output of the audiometer to about 80 dB. The non-test ear should always be eliminated from the procedure whenever the cross hearing is suspected. In order to remove the non-test ear from the procedure in case of any suspected cross hearing, is to mask by delivering noise to the non-test ear (Yoon et.al 469). The loudness of the masking procedure should be able to prevent the tone reaching the non-test ear and stimulating it. This experiment aims at determining the threshold hearing over a variation of frequencies. The experiment may test the bone conduction also known as the vibrator as well as the air conduction or the loudspeaker. But the audiometer can only test the air conduction also known as the loudspeaker. The procedure of performing the experiment was the same for two different partners. The first thing was to check and confirm that the connection of the audiometer and the headphones was not loose. The experiment was conducted in a silent laboratory. My partner put on the headphones while I adjusted the volume of the audiometer over the required frequencies. The hearing threshold was determined for every frequency. The button was used to

Using social media in business opportunity and risk (Facebook) Personal Statement

Using social media in business opportunity and risk (Facebook) - Personal Statement Example Forums for interactions that the media, such as Facebook, offer allow organizations to understand their customers need and to tailor their products for meeting these needs. It also helps in identification of markets that aid sales and market control. Availability of a pool of customers or potential customers, cost efficiency and cost effectiveness are some of the opportunities that Facebook offer to corporate organizations. Cost effectiveness of Facebook, for instance, while it ensures effective access to target audience, in strategies such as marketing and customer relationship management, facilitate the profit motive. Facebook also allows a business an opportunity to collaborate with other businesses for common interests and this is possible through interactions in professional groups (Belleghem 191). Reliance on social media such as Facebook however reduces interactions with customers for in-depth communications and this may be a barrier to understanding and meeting customers’ needs. There is also risk of insecurity over data because of sharing of information on Facebook. In addition, technicalities with the media, such as when it shut down, may impose temporary limits to information access (Payne & Frow 388; Belleghem

Role of ICT in Science Education

Role of ICT in Science Education What is the role of ICT in Nature of science and science teaching and learning? To answer this question, we need to understand what modern IT systems (both hardware and software) are good at Collecting and storing large amounts of data Performing complex calculations on stored data Rapidly processing large amount of data and Displaying it in variety of ways helping to present and communicate ideas. All these answers have direct relevance to the process of education and these help us to address an important question of when to use ICT? Before we discuss how ICT enhances the science education, we will see what activities involve in school science. The science particularly school science involves lot of practical activities. It includes observing, measuring, communicating, discussing, investigating, handling, watching, monitoring and recording the results. On the other hand science is equally a theoretical subject. It involves thinking, inferring and having god ideas, hypothesising, theorising, simulating and modelling. ICT can help as much in this aspect of science and in same way they do in practical aspect. In the mean time science teachers should use ICT along with their professional skills during lesson to maximise its potential. There are ranges of software tools available to science education such as Interactive White Board, Simulations, Data logging, Spreadsheets, Word processing, Virtual Learning Environment, Desktop Publication etc. Out of these, I will concentrate on Interactive white board and how it enhances the science education. What is Interactive White Board? It is a large physical display panel that can function as an ordinary white board, a projector screen, an electronic copy board or as a computer projector screen on which computer image can be controlled by touching or writing on the surface of the panel instead of using mouse or keyboard. Smith et al (2005) introduced the term Pedagogic interactivity within the use of interactive white board. Jones and Tanner (2002) related this term to Interactive teaching where teachers use higher order questioning skills that make student active contribution towards discussion and their views are valued. Also the teachers used their opinion to test their understanding against particular topic. Taber (2003) found that teacher role is critical in structuring activity in ways that challenge and build upon pupils prior knowledge white integrating new scientific ideas. Introducing IWB, can make learners interactive with whole class teaching gives new opportunity for them to express their ideas. These are not only done verbally, but using graphical and other representations. It helps them to share their scientific ideas with whole class and get back the teachers and peer feedback. Rogoff (1990) explained that the introduction of IWB in school environment provides a dynamic and manipulate object of joint reference which offers new forms of support for inter subjectivity. This is a form of socially shared cognition which facilitates explicitation and exchange of ideas and negotiation of new meanings in accordance with others perspectives. The use of IWB is not only develops the teaching styling. It also helps to enhance teacher efficiency. To make this happen, teachers should understand the potential contributions of ICT in teaching and learning. There are different types of learning involved in science. Underwood (1994) explained that the primary responsibility of the teacher is to encourage the cognitive development of the child, to ensure the retention, understanding and active use of skills and knowledge. Lee (2006) and Winzenreid (2007) found that the effects brought to the classroom IWB can be completing transformational or not change at all. All it depends upon how best the system is implemented and how it is used by the teachers to enhance the students learning. Mortime and Scott (2003) explained the teachers role who acts as mediation between the IWB and the students. The full understanding of technical interactivity is an integral part of this. In Science, interactive communication is vital between students and teachers to explore ideas together, drawing own hypothesis, discussing recent socio-scientific issues, consolidate scientific and informal ideas. The IWB contributes to the flow of interactive communication. Godwin and Sutherland (2004) described how teachers represented their individual constructed knowledge in order to develop student common understanding. Thus the IWB plays a vital role in science education. But how active the pupils are learning? The answer is how far the teachers understand and implement the technology successfully and careful blending of technology and pedagogy. On the other hand Hargreaves et al (2003) found that the class with non-technology context raised some issues. The issue such as higher lesson pace, collaboration and participation in discussion, assessing pupil knowledge, all these shown that the technology interactivity is highly helpful. Thus the teachers understand the features of IWB those associated with pace, motivation, involvement, participation and collaboration. (Becta 2003). But Moss Et al(2007) argued that this is not sufficient to develop students learning. But Hepper (2004) argued that the IWB provides teachers an opportunity to teach in their own professional way with a central focus of aboard, but with the excitement of media rich content. Thus it does not collide with existing pedagogy practice. Nieder Hauser and Stoddart (2001) and Olson (2000) found the choices of technology by teachers are based on their own conception of teaching and learning. Hennessey etal (2005), Kerr (1991) accepted the above argument that introducing new technology does not produce radical pedagogical change. Instead a slow evolutionary process where these new powerful tools interact slowly with existing particles. Roger and Finlayson (2004) demonstrated that whole class teaching with technology in science forced to use computer for demonstration with little manipulation by pupils. In Science the understanding of skills and concepts by students depend upon the facts and information provided by teachers. Clearly IWB provides number of ways of providing this knowledge. How much the students understanding of science is improved by using ICT? impact 2 Project (Harrison et al 2002) found that the use of ICAT has a measurable impact on the performance of students studying science in the secondary school. ICT is just the learning tool just it does not ensure learning. The most importance is application skills; which improves students understanding. Operational skills cannot be ignored, but teachers should make sure that this should not predominate over application skills. For the science teacher, an important aspect of application skill resides in the investment in task design, target setting and intervention strategies. An optimistic view is that school laboratories, like classrooms, will continue to be places where people meet and exchange ideas. Social interaction, discussion and hands-on activity are vital aspects of the educative process that are inadequately satisfied by the solitude of individual computer use. Computers should not be allowed to displace essential intellectual exchanges between people but should be used in ways that amplify and complement them. Thus it is important to identify and understand both the benefits and the disadvantages of individual ICT tools, so that judgements about fitness for purpose can be made at every stage of planning. The preparation of students for a task, the definition of task objectives and the nature of teacher interventions all contribute to the quality of the outcomes. These factors need to be borne in mind as we consider the possible impact of some of the innovations. ICT is transforming all aspects of society: its institutions, commerce, industry, home life and education. In education, there is a growing assumption that using computers is a good thing; after all, the response of many students seems to be predominantly one of high motivation. There is, however, a certain risk that the educational rationale for ICT becomes overshadowed by the glamour and progress of the hardware and software technology. Undoubtedly, technological developments will continue to invite thinking about new opportunities for teaching and learning, but it is very much easier to engage with the new technology than to seek a deep understanding of its implications for education. It is important, therefore, that pedagogy and technology are equal partners in the development process. In particular, innovations should not be driven by technology for its own sake. As guardians of pedagogy, teachers have a significant role in shaping the use of ICT for learning. The future success of ICT in science rests on the quality of thought given to its use, with a clear focus on learning outcomes.

Non-Traditional Sports: Social Barriers :: Bodybuilding Synchronized Swimming Essays

Non-Traditional Sports: Social Barriers Gender barriers have always existed in the field of sports. I will be focusing specifically on women in the field of bodybuilding and men who enter synchronized swimming in order to illustrate the social and cultural costs and benefits of these individuals entering their given sports. Breaking Barriers: The gym is the world of gods and heroes, goddesses larger than life, a place of incantations where our bodies inflate and we shuffle off our out-of-gym bodies like discarded skins and walk about transformed. . . . Here, in this space, we begin to grow, to change. The transformation has begun, and our flawed humanity is falling off fast. We are picking up our shoulders, elevating our chins, shaking ugliness from our shoulders with a series of strokes, the glistening dumbbells, listening to our blood's rush. Our pasty misshapen bodies are developing clean lines. Our day's tribute of trials and heartaches is fading, for here, in this gym space, we become kings and queens. Larger, invincible, gods in ourselves. (Introduction, Bodymakers: A Cultural Anatomy of Women's Body Building) Women in bodybuilding is a recent phenomenon. It is an example of the cultural transformation and revolution that has been in the process for many years now. Leslie Heywood, the author of the quote above, is an assistant professor of English at the State University of New York, Binghamton. As stated by a critic of her recent book, Bodymakers, "Heywood looks at the sport and image of female body building as a metaphor for how women fare in our current political and cultural climate. Drawing on contemporary feminist and cultural theory as well as her own involvement in the sport, she argues that the movement in women's bodybuilding from small, delicate bodies to large powerful ones and back again is directly connected to progress and backlash within the abortion debate, the ongoing struggle for race and gender equality, and the struggle to define "feminism" in the context of the nineties. She discusses female bodybuilding as activism, as an often effective response to abuse, race and m asculinity in body building, and the contradictory ways that photographers treat female bodybuilders." It is evident from this brief yet descriptive narration of her book that Heywood believes both cultural costs and benefits of women in the sport of bodybuilding exist, as well as in any other field in which women push the restraints of social acceptance.

Gattaca and Orwell’s 1984 compared Essay

Although the distopias of Orwell’s Oceania and Niccol’s not to distant American city are in many ways similar in the sense of totalitarianism. The systems of control are quit different. Orwell’s world seems to be an overbearing socialist police state where as, the world in Gattaca is almost total control by science. The two pieces were written decades apart from one another, but both the film and the novel send a clear message; to enjoy the social mobility and freedoms of modern life and to be aware of how fragile they are. Both Orwell’s and Niccol’s worlds are dependant upon a class or cast system to divide the powers and freedoms of the people in their respective worlds. Oceania as far as we can tell has three maybe four classes. The Proles are the group of people who hold the worst of the jobs within Oceania. They work as laborers and as prostitutes but their idle time is spent like many undergrads in the modern world; listening to music, drinking beer, and fornicating. The second and arguably the lowliest of Orwell’s classes is the outer party, to which our main character Winston is a member. The outer party is subjected to all the evils of the inner party. Their inner most personal thoughts and feelings are monitored by the thought police and even the slightest inclination of disloyalty is punished by being vaporized. They work mostly as desk jockeys, and their free time is to be spent doing activities for the party. The inner party is closely related to an upper management class within a perverted militant socialist world where all business is run by the state. Compared to the outer party the inner party does seem to enjoy a few more modern comforts but, they are still being subjected to tellascreens and thought police. Arguably the fourth class would only consist of one man a ruling dictator who goes by the name of Big Brother his existence is questionable but if he were to exist it is presumable that he would enjoy every possible comfort. Gattaca has a class system as well but, it is a much simpler one controlled by science. Depending upon Gene manipulation a citizen is either a valid or they are an invalid. The days discrimination because of race, religion, or  sexuality are gone, in this world all that matters is the results of a blood test. The lead character portrayed by Ethan Hawk is Vincent/Jerome Morrow. He is what they call a faith birth, his parents conceived him in the traditional way, in the back of a Chevy Rivera. At his birth he did have ten fingers and ten toes but now that’s not all that mattered. After testing one drop of blood the doctors new that he had a 60% probability of having a neurological condition, 42% probability of manic depression, 89% probability of attention deficit disorder, and a 99% probability of having a heart disorder his life expectance only 30.2 years. Vincent, an invalid, was condemned at birth to live a short life of turmoil. These two very rigid and well structured societies whose purpose was to create order over universal individual freedoms for its citizens freewill was not something that was desired. What Vincent and Winston have in common his that they used their freewill and determinations to resist the status quo.

Challenging the power of the Commonwealth - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 1964 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Power Essay Did you like this example? Part A It is obvious, from the facts presented, that this question is primarily concerned with the implementation of the international convention in Australian domestic law, and the validity of the process of this implementation in accordance with section 51(xxix) of the Constitution, also known as the ‘external affairs power’. Before such a conclusion can be reached, it is firstly important to understand the limits and scope of this power and hence comprehend whether the Commonwealth has exceeded its legislative limits in ratifying such an international convention. The courts have taken the liberty, over the years, of setting certain restrictions on the ability to exercise this external affairs power, as well as defining its scope of application. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Challenging the power of the Commonwealth" essay for you Create order The term ‘external affairs’ in generally used instead of ‘foreign affairs’ in order to distinguish between the affairs of the United Kingdom and other countries, as the Australian judiciary has generally not regarded the UK as a foreign entity, given that the Australian constitution is essentially an act of the UK Parliament.[1] Thus, the courts have sought to further define the notion of external affairs in order to avoid this ambiguity. In the same case, Latham CJ expressed that this notion was not confined to the â€Å"preservation of friendly relations with other Dominions†, but also extended to relations with â€Å"all countries outside Australia†.[2] In attempting to further define this notion Gibbs CJ, in the case of Koorwata v Bjelke-Petersen, expressed: It has never been doubted that the words of s51(xxix) are wide enough to empower the Parliament, in some circumstances at least, to pass a law which carries into effect within Austra lia the provisions of an international agreement to which Australia is a party.[3] In the Koorwata case, Gibbs CJ also went on to refer to the case of Roche v Kronheimer (1921) 29 CLR 329, where Higgins J considered the constitutional validity of regulations made by the Commonwealth legislature to implement an international convention in relation to aerial navigation. The court held, in this case, that such an act by the Commonwealth was valid in a constitutional sense; however they held that the regulations themselves did not actually give effect to the international convention, hence overturned the legislation. This also followed the ratio decidendi of Evatt and McTiernan JJ in the case of R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry, where it was held: But it is a consequence of the closer connection between the nations of the world (which has been partly brought about by the modern revolutions in communication) and of the recognition by the nations of a common interest in many matters affe cting the social welfare of their peoples and of the necessity of co-operation among them in dealing with such matters, that it is no longer possible to assert that there is any subject matter which must necessarily be excluded from the list of possible subjects of international negotiation, international dispute or international agreement.[4] Furthermore: In truth, the Kings power to enter into international conventions cannot be limited in advance of the international situations which may from time to time arise. And in our view the fact of an international convention having been duly made about a subject brings that subject within the field of international relations so far as such subject is dealt with by the agreement.[5] And, finally they concluded: It would seem clear, therefore, that the legislative power of the Commonwealth over ‘external affairs’ certainly includes the power to execute within the Commonwealth treaties and conventions entered into w ith foreign powers.[6] Accordingly, based upon the persuasive authorities cited above, it is clear that the Commonwealth legislature has the power to implement international conventions to which Australia is a party. However, it has also been prescribed by the courts that such an action must make inroads in implementing such a convention, and must not attempt to push a government’s own agenda in relation to an international agreement.[7] In other words, the relevant implementing legislation must substantially implement the convention in its entirety; otherwise the court may be obliged to overturn the legislation. In regards to the legislation in question, it is clear that it does not make significant progress in implementing the aims of the international convention. It tends to omit key provisions from the relevant operative clauses of the convention, such as that in relation to the research body. The legislation does, however, make more definitions that are specific to the Australian context, such as the definition of key time slots for the banning of junk food, and the identification of means of reducing junk food consumption (such as the ban of sale to anyone under the age of 12). It is permitted to do this under the scope of the convention, as well as the relevant case law relating to the implementation of international conventions. The definition of junk food outlets in section 3 of the legislation appears to comply with the definitions in the international convention, and thus does not raise a problem of constitutionality. However, the convention does not specify that the Commonwealth should prescribe compulsory daily exercise programs, as has been implemented in section 17 of the Act. This, combined with the fact that the Act does not implement the research body prescribed in the convention, would illustrate that the Commonwealth is unable to rely on its external affairs power to implement this legislation. The relevant authorities do allow for the Commonwealth to ratify international agreements to which Australia is a party, provided that the legislation conforms somewhat to the convention to be implemented.[8] Clearly, the legislation does not conform enough to the international standard set by the convention, thus the Commonwealth cannot rely solely on section 51(xxix), and thus the legislation is constitutionally invalid based on this head of power. Part B Based on the precedents in Australian constitutional law, it would be difficult not to support the claim made by Dawson J. This is based on a number of factors, not the least of which relates to the manner that the High Court has interpreted the external affairs power, section 51(xxix). As a general rule, if the laws of Australia require a change in order to conform to the standards set by an international treaty or convention, then section 51(xxix) will support that change.[9] However, the High Court has also sought to place further restrictions on the re liability of this rule, in order to prevent the Commonwealth legislature from taking advantage of the external affairs power and hence possibly interfering with matters that would normally be left to the jurisdiction of the States. The High Court has said that, in order for section 51(xxix) to be relied on in regards to international treaties, the proposed Commonwealth law must seek to implement legislative regimes that the treaty itself has sought to prescribe for its signatory states,[10] and hence not seek to push its own legislative agenda. In the context of Dawson J’s statement, it is clear that while the subject-matter of an international agreement must be limited, the law that implements it must essentially conform to the strict standards of that international agreement.[11] In regards to the subject-matter of an international agreement, the High Court has addressed this issue on a number of occasions. The court has held previously that the limits of international a greements that the Commonwealth may ratify into law need not only be restricted to the areas where they have legislative competence.[12] Additionally, the High Court has also said that it may not also be limited to areas of international concern, or Commonwealth jurisdiction under international law.[13] Essentially, this elaboration by the High Court grants substantial discretionary power onto the Commonwealth in regards to international agreements, with the general rule being that entry into such an agreement represents the executive and the legislature claiming that the subject-matter of the agreement is of significant concern to the Australian jurisdiction, and hence the High Court will generally support this exercise of judgement.[14] Thus, it would appear that the High Court is willing to support an essentially unlimited discretion by the Commonwealth in relation to international agreements, as the court has prescribed that there are no practical limits to the subject-matter of international agreements. Previous examples of such support by the High Court include Commonwealth legislation ratifying international treaties in relation to: Enforcing basic minimum safety standards in Australia in relation to air navigation;[15] The control of territorial sea and the continental land shelf;[16] Acts of racial discrimination;[17] Protection of world heritage listed land;[18] and Protection of land pending a decision on its world heritage status.[19] These cases show that, where the States have challenged Commonwealth power in relation to reliance upon section 51(xxix) for implementation of international agreements, the challenges have generally failed, and the Commonwealth has received the support of the High Court. Therefore, at least in relation to international agreements, it would appear that the scope of application of the external affairs power of section 51(xxix) is somewhat unlimited, and the entering into of such an agreement by the Commonwealth represents an exercise of discretion which the High Court will generally support. Thus, it appears that Dawson J’s claims do have some merit, as the string of High Court authorities tend to support. Bibliography Books Blackshield, T, and Williams, G, Australian Constitutional Law and Theory: Commentary and Materials (2006, 4th ed), Sydney: Federation Press Joseph, S, and Castan, M, Federal Constitutional Law: A Contemporary View (2001), Sydney: Lawbook Co Legislation Air Navigation Act 1920 (Cth) Australian Constitution Lemonthyme and Southern Forests (Commission of Inquiry) Act 1987 (Cth) (repealed) Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth) Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973 (Cth) World Heritage Properties Conservation Act 1983 (Cth) (repealed) Cases Airlines of New South Wales Pty Ltd v New South Wales (Airlines Case) (No 2) (1965) 113 CLR 54; [1965] ALR 984; (1965) 38 ALJR 388 Commonwealth v Tasmania (Tasmanian Dams Case) (1983) 158 CLR 1, 125-6; 46 ALR 625; 57 ALJR 450 Horta v Commonwealth (1994) 181 CLR 183, 195; 123 ALR 1; 68 ALJR 620; Koowarta v Bjelke-Petersen (1982) 153 CLR 168; 39 ALR 417; 56 ALJR 625 New South Wales v Commonwealth (Seas and Submerged Lands Case) (1975) 135 CLR 337, 497; 8 ALR 1; 50 ALJR 218 Queensland v Commonwealth (1989) 167 CLR 232; 86 ALR 519 R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry (Aviation Case) (1936) 55 CLR 608; [1936] ALR 482; (1936) 10 ALJ 335 R v Sharkey (1949) 79 CLR 121; [1949] ALR 828 Richardson v Forestry Commission (1988) 164 CLR 261; 77 ALR 237; 62 ALJR 158 Roche v Kronheimer (1921) 29 CLR 329 Victoria v Commonwealth (1996) 187 CLR 416, 484; 138 ALR 129; 70 ALJR 680; 66 IR 392 Footnotes [1] R v Sharkey (1949) 79 CLR 121; [1949] ALR 828 (Latham CJ). [2] R v Sharkey (1949) 79 CLR 121; [1949] ALR 828 (Latham CJ). [3] (1982) 39 ALR 417, 431 (Gibbs CJ). [4] R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry (1936) 55 CLR 608, 680-1. [5] R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry (1936) 55 CLR 608, 681. [6] R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry (1936) 55 CLR 608, 687. [7] Roche v Kronheimer (1921) 29 CLR 329. [8] Victoria v Commonwealth (1996) 187 CLR 416. See also Koorwata v Bjelke-Petersen (1982) 39 ALR 417. [9] Commonwealth v Tasmania (Tasmanian Dams Case) (1983) 158 CLR 1; Richardson v Forestry Commission (1988) 164 CLR 261; Victoria v Commonwealth (1996) 187 CLR 416, 483 (Brennan CJ, Toohey, Gaudron, McHugh and Gummow JJ). [10] Victoria v Commonwealth (1996) 187 CLR 416, 486 (Brennan CJ, Toohey, Gaudron, McHugh and Gummow JJ). [11] Victoria v Commonwealth (1996) 187 CLR 416, 489 (Brennan CJ, Toohey, Gaudron, McHugh and Gummow JJ). [12] R v Burgess; Ex parte Henry (Aviation Case) (1936) 55 CLR 608, 640 (Latham CJ), 680 (Evatt and McTiernan JJ); [1936] ALR 482; (1936) 10 ALJ 335; Victoria v Commonwealth (1996) 187 CLR 416, 485; 138 ALR 129; 70 ALJR 680; 66 IR 392 (Brennan CJ, Toohey, Gaudron, McHugh and Gummow JJ). [13] Horta v Commonwealth (1994) 181 CLR 183, 195; 123 ALR 1; 68 ALJR 620; Victoria v Commonwealth (1996) 187 CLR 416, 484; 138 ALR 129; 70 ALJR 680; 66 IR 392 (Brennan CJ, Toohey, Gaudron, McHugh and Gummow JJ). [14] Commonwealth v Tasmania (Tasmanian Dams Case) (1983) 158 CLR 1, 125-6; 46 ALR 625; 57 ALJR 450 (Mason J). [15] Airlines of New South Wales Pty Ltd v New South Wales (Airlines Case) (No 2) (1965) 113 CLR 54; [1965] ALR 984; (1965) 38 ALJR 388 in regards to the Air Navigation Act 1920 (Cth). [16] New South Wales v Commonwealth (Seas and Submerged Lands Case) (1975) 135 CLR 337, 497; 8 ALR 1; 50 ALJR 218 (Mason J) in relation to the Seas and Submerged Lands Act 1973 (Cth). [17] Koowarta v Bjelke-Petersen (1982) 153 CLR 168 ; 39 ALR 417; 56 ALJR 625 regarding the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 (Cth). [18] Commonwealth v Tasmania (Tasmanian Dams Case) (1983) 158 CLR 1; 46 ALR 625; 57 ALJR 450; Queensland v Commonwealth (1989) 167 CLR 232; 86 ALR 519 regarding the World Heritage Properties Conservation Act 1983 (Cth) (repealed). [19] Richardson v Forestry Commission (1988) 164 CLR 261; 77 ALR 237; 62 ALJR 158 regarding the Lemonthyme and Southern Forests (Commission of Inquiry) Act 1987 (Cth) (repealed).